Fedoskino

Fedoskin miniature:

In May 1910, ten masters established the "Fedoskino Working Artel of the former masters of the Lukutin factory." The first products of the artel, aimed at selling to Moscow, were highly appreciated by the Moscow Zemstvo and the Handicraft Museum. In 1912, 14 artisans and nine pupils worked in the artel. The assortment of the artel numbered about 160 items, which in their quality were not inferior to the famous Lukutinsky and were much superior to those of the Vishnyak workshop. Already in 1913 the artel's products were awarded a small gold medal at the All-Russian Exhibition of Agricultural Industry in Kiev. For a while, the image of this medal was stamped on the back of the products. In the first post-revolutionary years, the artel experienced great difficulties, caused not only by a sharp drop in demand for its products, but also by the negative attitude of the new authorities that imposed excessive taxes on the masters and even made repeated attempts to close the workshops. A turning point in relation to the Fedoskino miniature came after 1923, when these products were awarded a diploma of the I degree at the All-Union Exhibition of Agricultural and Industrial Products in Moscow.

Production began to expand gradually, the demand for Fedoskino products increased, which they began to actively sell abroad. Great creative help in the 1930s was provided to Fedoskino miniaturists by well-known art historians A. V. Bakushinsky and V. M. Vasilenko.

In 1930-1950-ies Fedoskina artists mainly engaged in copying works of easel painting. To expand the range of products and enrich the creative background in the artel's activities in 1945, an experimental workshop was created under her, the scientific and creative leadership of which was carried out by the Research Institute of the Art Industry. The lost ways of decorating the products were revived: "filigree", "tsirovka", "scotch", "malachite", painting on mother-of-pearl, etc. For the first time before the miniaturists, the task of becoming a decorative miniature of natural sketches was set. However, a fundamentally new stage in the history of the Fedoskino miniature painting, marked by the growth of the author's origin, came only at the end of the 1950s.

Artists create original works of authorship, in which the traditions of the Fedoskino miniature are creatively reinterpreted. A great contribution to the development of Fedoskino's art was made by: MS Chizhov, SP Rogatov, MG Pashinin, II Strakhov, VD Lipitsky, PN Puchkov, and others. The main themes of their work - the nature of the suburbs, Russian songs and fairy tales, the heroic past of Russia. In the 1960s, the artel was transformed into the Fedoskino miniature painting factory. In 1931, at the Fedoskino Artel, a school of artisan apprenticeship was created (now the Fedoskino School of Miniature Painting). In 1950-1980-ies the school trained specialists in lacquer miniature, Zhostovo painting on metal and Rostov enamel.

At present, the Fedoskino miniature traditions are developed mainly by artists who work independently. Among them - GI Larishev (died in 2008), AA Tolstov, AI Kozlov, SI Kozlov, Yu. V. Karapayev (died in 2009), N. M Solonikin, VD Antonov, SS Chistov, E. Yu. Khomutinnikova, OD Sen'ko, as well as young artists. Among them, a prominent place is occupied by Svetlana and Konstantin Danshiny, Anokhin Pavel, Yastrebov Oleg, Svetlana Belovodova, Mikhail Shelukhin and others.